281 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
Using a rat model of MuSK myasthenia gravis, this study reveals that MuSK autoimmunity drives selective atrophy of slow-twitch muscle fibers through profound proteome remodeling characterized by disrupted mitochondrial and translational homeostasis, extending beyond mere neuromuscular junction impairment.
This study demonstrates a robust precision breeding strategy using CRISPR/Cas9, base editing, and prime editing to successfully integrate semi-dwarfing alleles into diverse Watkins wheat landraces, thereby unlocking their valuable genetic diversity for sustainable crop improvement.
This study reveals that extrachromosomal circular double-stranded DNA (eccDNA) constitutes a major component of stress granule cores and is essential for their formation during the eukaryotic stress response.
The authors developed a photocrosslinking activity-based probe using modified ubiquitin to map and validate interaction regions between E2 enzymes and diverse RING E3 ligases, thereby confirming existing structural models and assessing new ones in the absence of crystal structures.
This paper introduces a sample-derived cDNA-guided RNase H depletion method that selectively removes host RNA from infected tissues to enrich bacterial transcripts over 14-fold while preserving bacterial rRNA, thereby enabling cost-effective, high-sensitivity in vivo pathogen transcriptomics.
This study reveals that the competitive binding of the transcription factor CLAMP over GAF at GA-repeat motifs on the Drosophila X chromosome drives mutually exclusive 3D chromatin looping patterns, thereby creating a specific environment that recruits the dosage compensation complex to upregulate active genes.
The authors introduce ApoFLARE, a genetically encoded luminescent reporter that enables the direct, scalable, and time-resolved quantification of APOBEC3A editing activity in living cells, overcoming the limitations of indirect or endpoint-based measurement methods.
This study reveals that the Top3-Sgs1 complex coordinates the transcription-coupled migration of Holliday junctions from Spo11-induced break sites to cohesin-associated regions of convergent transcription, where crossovers are preferentially resolved to ensure accurate meiotic chromosome segregation.
This study reveals that neural microexons in both humans and chickens rely on conserved, accessible RNA secondary structures within the branchpoint-to-3' splice site region to facilitate spliceosome assembly and regulate stage-specific splicing during neurodevelopment.
This study reveals that the garden dormouse cerebral cortex undergoes stage-specific transcriptional reprogramming during hibernation, characterized by extensive gene regulation during torpor progression and a rapid, coordinated reversal of these metabolic and proteostatic programs during early arousal to preserve neural integrity.